Name : Bharti Dharaiya
Roll. No. : 3
Paper no. : Romantic
Literature
Class. : Sem - 2
Topic : John Keats and his Odes
Enrollment no.: 2069198420200008
Email ID : bhartidharaiya123@gmail.com
College : Department of English, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji University.
∆ John Keats (1795-1821)
Keats was not only the last but also the most perfect of the Romanticists. Keats lived apart from men and from Allahabad political content to write what was in his own heart or to reflect some splendor of the natural world as he saw or steamed it to be. All his work was published in three short years from 1817 to 1820, and he died when only twenty-five years old. We must judge him to be the most promising figure of the early nineteenth century and one of the most remarkable in the history of literature.
∆ Life of Keats :
Keats' life of devotion to beauty and to poetry is all the more remarkable in view of his lowly origin. He was the son of a hostler and stable keeper. He was born in the stable of Swan and Hoop Inn, London in 1795. Keats was only fifteen years old. He has four siblings. Both parents died and he was placed with his brothers and sisters in charge of guardians. He published his first volume of poems in 1817. He also published his second volume Endymion in 1818. The last small volume Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes and other poems published in 1820.
∆ Characteristics of John Keats poetry :
He is in love with nature.
Admire of nature.
Look at nature with wonder.
Nature is a mystery.
He loves nature for its own sake and not for the sake of anything else.
He was very complex in language but very simple in meaning.
Sensuousness.
Art for art, his poetry is for art delight.
Influence of Greek literature.
Attachment and detachment both in his poetry.
∆ Conflicts in Keats odes :
- Transient sensation or passion
- Dream or vision / reality
- Joy Melancholy
- The ideal/ the real
- Mortal/ immortal
- Life / death
- Separation and connection
- Being immersed in passion
John Keats was very famous for his odes. He was written five odes in May 1819. But he put a date in only one ode is ode on Grecian Urn.
His odes are
- Ode on Psyche
- Ode on Nightingale
- Ode on Grecian Urn
- Ode on Autumn
- Ode to Melancholy
∆ Ode to a Nightingale :
Ode to a Nightingale is a poem written by John Keats. Nightingale is written in ten line stanzas. In the whole poem used personalisation theory.
∆ Analysis of the poem :
The poem starts with a declaration of his own heartache. The speaker feels very numb as he had taken a drug before a few times. He is addressing a Nightingale. He hears singing songs in the forest and he is very happy because the nightingale sings the music of summer from amid unseen plot of green trees and shadows.
In the second stanza the poet or speaker is unaware of alcohol and expresses his wish for wine " draught of vintage" that tastes like the country and lets him leave the world and disappear into the forest with the nightingale.
In the third Stanza he explains his all desire. Say that he would like to forget the trouble which is nightingale has never known the weariness and fret of human life.
In the fourth Stanza poet tells the nightingale to fly away and he follows the nightingale not through alcohol bylut through poetry. Poetry gives him viewless wings. He says that he is already with a nightingale where moonlight is hidden by the trees.
In the fifth Stanza He did that he can not see the flowers in the forest but guess them in darkness with many flowers.
In the sixth Stanza speaker listens to nightingale in the darkness saying that he is half in love with the idea of death. The speaker thinks that the idea of death is richer than everything. He thinks that if he were to die while nightingale sings a song but he "have ears in vain" and is not able to hear longer.
In the seventh Stanza the speaker says to nightingale that it is immortal not born for death. He says that the voice of a nightingale hears singing has always been heard by ancient people.
In the eighth Stanza he says that as the nightingale flies far away from him, his imagination has failed and he can not hear nightingale's music was a dream for him. Now he can not recall whether he himself is asleep or not.
∆ Ode to Grecian urn
Ode to Grecian urn is a poem by John Keats. Grecian means a picture of Vase. Some events , some rituals, about some description of nature present in the poem, there is nature means season of spring. Paradoxe is a badroxe of poem to understand the poem.
∆ Analysis of the poem Ode on Grecian urn :
In the first stanza of the poem is questionable. In the poem happy words so there is a happy word that symbolizes love in the poem used many times. The speaker of the poem stands before an ancient Grecian urn and addresses it. He is preoccupied with the demonstration of pictures frozen in time. In the poem he also mentions the urn as a “historian” that can tell a story about History or past. He asked Marvel about the figures standing on the side of the urn and asked to legend where they came. He looks at a thet picture and that picture showing that there is a group of men and women which is Marvel and what their story could be “What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape? / What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?”. Here first stanza is questionable in the poem.
In the second stanza of the poem, the speaker looks at another picture on the urn, in the picture a young man playing a pipe, lying with his lover beneath a glade of trees. The speaker says that the piper’s not heard melodies are sweeter than the mortal melodies because they are unaffected by time. He tries to tell the youth that however he can never kiss his lover or his beloved because he is frozen at that time. He should not grieve for his lover because her beauty will never fade and pell.
In the third stanza of the poem, he looks at the many trees which are surrounded by the lovers and feels happy that they will never shed their leaves. He is happy for the piper because his songs will be “for ever new,” and " for ever painting and for ever young" happy that the love of the boy and the girl will at last together forever, like immortal love. which memory into “breathing human passion” and after all vanishes, leaving behind only a “burning forehead, and a parching tongue.”
In the fourth of the poem, the speaker candidate another picture on the urn, the one candidate of a group of villagers primarily a heifer to be sacrificed. He Marvel where they are going and from where they have come. He imagines their little town, empty of the house of all its citizens, and he tells it that its streets will “forever” be silent, for those people who have left it before a time when frozen on the urn, will never return.
In the fifth or final stanza, the speaker addresses the urn again itself and he says that the urn is like Eternity. He thinks that when his generation is long dead, the urn will remain present for telling future generations to its mysterious lesson by the original line of the poem is “Beauty is truth, truth beauty.” The speaker says that that is the only thing the urn knows and that the only thing urn needs to know.
∆ Ode to Psyche :
Ode to Psyche is a poem written by John Keats. The first poem of Keats is "spring ode" in 1819. John Keats wrote poems in the order : Psyche, Nightingale, Grecian Urn, Melancholy and Autumn. Psyche is the first poem of the Odes.
∆ Analysis of the poem:Ode to Psyche is a poem written by John Keats. The first poem of Keats is "spring ode" in 1819. John Keats wrote poems in the order : Psyche, Nightingale, Grecian Urn, Melancholy and Autumn. Psyche is the first poem of the Odes.
Keats's speaker opens the poem with an address to the goddess Psyche. Inspired her to hear his words and ask a question that she forgave him for singing to her with her own secrets. He says that while he was traveling through the forest every day. He stumbled upon “two fair creatures” not telling truth side by side in the grass, beneath a “whispering roof” of leafs around by flowers. They embrace one another with both their arms and wings and though their lips did not touch but they were close to one another and ready for past kisses. The speaker says he knows about that boy, but he does not know about that girl. That's why he asks who the girl was. Speaker answers his own question that She was Psyche.
In the second stanza, the speaker addresses Psyche again in the poem with her beauty. He addresses her as the youngest girl and most beautiful girl of all the Olympian gods and goddesses. He believes this and he says that Psyche has none of the trappings of worship. She has no temples, no altars, no choir to sing for her, and nothing anything for her.
In the third stanza of the poem, the speaker characterized the lack of Psyche’s youth. Beautiful girl has come too late into the world for antique promises. But the speaker says that even in the bad days of his own time, he would also like to pay for Psyche and become her choir, her music, and her oracle any time for her happiness.
In the fourth and last stanza, the speaker continues with his announcement that he is saying that he will become Psyche’s priest and he will build her a temple in her region of his own mind. a region surrounded by the beauty of nature. He promised to Psyche for all soft delight and he says that the window of her new house will be left open at night so that time her boy her warm Love can come in her house at night.
Conclusion :
Thus, conclude that John Keats odes are majorly related with his life. He wrote such great poems as odes. He wrote many ode like ode to Gracian Urn, ode to Nightingale, ode to Psyche etc. In his poem he differentiate the life of character and his poem is related with the dream and reality of the people. He was very famous for his odes.
Work Citation :
Dalli, Elise, et al. “Summary and Analysis of Ode to Psyche by John Keats.” Poem Analysis, 9 Feb. 2020, poemanalysis.com/john-keats/ode-to-psyche.
Hebron, Stephen,“An Introduction to 'Ode on a Grecian Urn': Time, Mortality and Beauty.” The British Library, The British Library, 28 Mar. 2014, www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/an-introduction-to-ode-on-a-grecian-urn-time-mortality-and-beauty.
Hebron, Stephen,“An Introduction to 'Ode to a Nightingale'.” The British Library, The British Library, 28 Mar. 2014, www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/an-introduction-to-ode-on-a-nightingale.
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