Thinking Activity : Testing and Evaluating
Here are some questions on Testing and Evaluating...
1 ) Write on Validity and reliability of the test.
Reliability and validity are concepts used to evaluate the quality of research. They indicate how well a method, technique or test measures something.
Reliability is about the consistency of a measure. Validity is about the accuracy of a measure.
What is validity?
Validity refers to how accurately a method measures what it is intended to measure.
The validity of an instrument is the idea that the instrument measures what it intends to measure.
High reliability is one indicator that a measurement is valid. If a method is not reliable, it probably isn’t valid.
For example, imagine a researcher who decides to measure the intelligence of a sample of students. A test of physical strength, like how many push-ups a student could do, would be an invalid test of intelligence.
Types of validity
1 ) Construct
2 ) Content
3 ) Criterion
What is reliability?
Reliability refers to how consistently a method measures something.
reliability on its own is not enough to ensure validity. Even if a test is reliable, it may not accurately reflect the real situation.
Types of reliability
1 ) Test-retest
2 ) Interrater
3 ) Internal consistency
2 ) Write about the practicality of the test.
Meaning : It refers to the economy of time, effort and money in testing. In other words, a test should be easy to design, easy to administer, easy to mark, and easy to interpret the results.
Practicality in assessment means that the test is easy to design, easy to administer and easy to score.
No matter how valid or reliable a test is, it has to be practical to make and to take this means that :
1 ) It is economical to deliver. It is not excessively expensive
2 ) The layout should be easy to follow and understand.
3 ) It stays within appropriate time constraints
4 ) It is relatively easy to administer
5 ) Its correct evaluation procedure is specific and time-efficient
3 ) What do you understand by backwash?
The backwash effect (also known as the washback effect) is the influence that a test has on the way students are taught (example : the teaching mirrors the test because teachers want their students to pass).
The washback effect is the outcome of a test or an examination which results either in positive or in a negative way.
There are two basic terms of the washback effect, which are the Positive and the Negative washback effect. Positive washback occurs when there is harmony between the teaching and the students' examination or a class test performance. The Negative washback effect occurs when there is no sync between what is taught and what is performed. Both of these types of washback influence the teaching as well as the learning process.
4 ) Difference between assessment and evaluation
Assessment is defined as a process of appraising something or someone, for example the act of gauging the quality, value or importance.
Evaluation focuses on making a judgment about values, numbers or performance of someone or something.
The basic difference between assessment and evaluation lies in the orientation. For example while the assessment is process oriented, evaluation is product oriented.
5 ) How do you define good assessment ?
" An assessment requiring students to use the same combinations of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that they need to apply in the criterion situation in professional life."
Gulikers, Bastiaens, and Kirschner.
Assessment Methods :
There are four considerations to examine when designing an appropriate assessment method that will reflect the established learning goals and activities:
1 ) Reliability
2 ) Standardization
3 ) Validity
4 ) Practicality
The four assessment methods are considered or defined as good assessment.
Thank you….
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